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Diagnosing Back Pain

Back and neck pain are pervasive but notoriously difficult to diagnose. Researchers have postulated that injury or degenerative processes lead to altered spine biomechanics which in turn lead to back pain1 and have attempted to establish this relationship between spine motion and symptoms.2 However, establishing this link requires measuring in vivo motion in the clinical setting, and this has been a challenge to the field of biomechanics for several years.3

diagnosing back pain

Learn more about back pain diagnosis by exploring the following topics:

Current standard of care
Spine motion matters
Diagnostic performance


  1. Mulholland R. Misuse of implants and devices in spinal surgery. In The failed spine. (Szpalski M, Gunzburg R eds.) Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004:57
  2. Wong, KWM et al. Continuous Dynamic Spinal Motion Analysis. Spine 2006; 31(4):414-419
  3. Breen AC, Muggleton JM, Mellor FE. An Objective Spinal Motion Image Assessment (KineGraph VMA): reliability, accuracy, and exposure data. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2006; 7:1-10.

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CAUTION: Investigational device, limited by federal (United States) law to investigational use.

Pilot studies suggest this device has the potential to detect an array of spine motion dysfunctions, assess kinematics, and track adjacent level disease; Ortho Kinematics, Inc. is currently conducting a multi-center clinical trial to evaluate and further assess these potential capabilities.